精英運動表現的核心應該是人類的福祉。運動員應該在身心兩方面都感到被賦予力量和支持⋯⋯心理健康和身體健康是不可分割的兩個部分，對兩者的關注都必須被視為優先事項。
—— 阿賓納夫·賓德拉（Abhinav Bindra），奧運冠軍、國際奧委會運動員委員會成員、國際奧委會心理健康工作小組成員
精英運動員的成功與心理健康息息相關。運動員應在身心兩方面獲得支持，這不僅關乎他們的表現，也關乎他們的整體福祉。國際奧委會（IOC）為此推出了精英運動員心理健康工具包，旨在促進運動員心理健康，並強調心理衛生和預防的重要性。
為什麼開發這個心理工具包？
該工具包的開發旨在為奧林匹克運動的相關人員提供知識和指導，以支持運動員的心理健康需求。儘管參與運動有助於提升身心健康，研究顯示約有35%的精英運動員會經歷心理健康問題。常見的心理健康問題包括焦慮、抑鬱、睡眠障礙和飲食失調。工具包提供了預防和干預策略，幫助運動員克服這些挑戰，促進心理衛生和整體福祉。
運動員常見的心理健康問題
- 焦慮和抑鬱：在2019年的一項綜合分析中，33.6%的精英運動員和26.4%的前運動員報告有焦慮和抑鬱症狀。
- 睡眠障礙：據報導，49%的奧運運動員被歸類為“睡眠不佳者”，這與心理健康不佳密切相關。
- 飲食失調：包括暴食、過度節食和強迫性運動，對身體和心理健康有重大影響。
- 酒精濫用：研究顯示，62.8%的精英橄欖球聯賽球員在賽季中有危險的酒精使用水平。
教練和隨行人員的能做些什麼
運動員的教練和隨行人員在支持運動員心理健康方面發揮著關鍵作用：
- 建立支持性環境：創造心理安全的環境，鼓勵運動員表達心理健康問題。
- 早期識別和干預：及時識別問題跡象，提供支持或尋求專業幫助。
- 推廣健康應對策略：幫助運動員發展管理壓力的技能，預防心理健康問題。
- 教育和去污名化：提高對心理健康的認識，減少尋求幫助的污名。
透過這些措施，體育組織和隨行人員能夠有效支持運動員的心理健康，確保他們的整體福祉。該工具包提供了必要的資源和工具，有助於創建更健康、更支持的運動環境，從而促進運動員在競技場上的表現和生活質量的提高。
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IOC Official Guide! (With Download) Learn Mental Health Techniques from Top Athletes!
Human well-being must be at the heart of elite athletic performance. Athletes should feel empowered and nurtured both physically and mentally. Mental health and physical health are two halves of a whole, and care for both must be seen as a priority.
– Abhinav Bindra, Olympic champion, IOC Athletes’ Commission member, IOC Mental Health Working Group member
The success of elite athletes is closely linked to their mental health. Athletes should receive support in both mind and body, which is essential not only for their performance but also for their overall well-being. To address this, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has introduced the Elite Athletes' Mental Health Toolkit, aiming to promote athletes' mental health and emphasize the importance of mental hygiene and prevention.
Why Develop This Mental Health Toolkit?
The toolkit is designed to provide knowledge and guidance to stakeholders in the Olympic movement to support athletes' mental health needs. Despite the benefits of sports in enhancing physical and mental health, research indicates that about 35% of elite athletes experience mental health issues. Common problems include anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and eating disorders. The toolkit offers strategies for prevention and intervention to help athletes overcome these challenges and promote mental well-being.
Common Mental Health Issues Among Athletes
- Anxiety and Depression: A 2019 meta-analysis found that 33.6% of elite athletes and 26.4% of former athletes reported symptoms of anxiety and depression.
- Sleep Disorders: It is reported that 49% of Olympic athletes are classified as "poor sleepers," which is closely linked to poor mental health.
- Eating Disorders: Includes binge eating, excessive dieting, and compulsive exercise, which significantly impact physical and mental health.
- Substance Abuse: Studies show that 62.8% of elite rugby league players had hazardous levels of alcohol use during the season.
The Role of Coaches and Entourage
Coaches and the athlete's entourage play a crucial role in supporting athletes' mental health:
- Creating a Supportive Environment: Foster a psychologically safe environment where athletes feel comfortable expressing mental health concerns.
- Early Identification and Intervention: Quickly recognize signs of problems and provide support or seek professional help when necessary.
- Promoting Healthy Coping Strategies: Help athletes develop skills to manage stress and prevent mental health issues.
- Education and Destigmatization: Raise awareness about mental health and reduce the stigma associated with seeking help.
Through these measures, sports organizations and entourage members can effectively support athletes' mental health, ensuring their overall well-being. This toolkit provides the necessary resources and tools to help create a healthier, more supportive sports environment, thereby enhancing athletes' performance and quality of life both on and off the field.
Click Here to download full IOC Mental Health Toolkit
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